“Contribution to the Numerical Reconstruction in Inverse Elasto-Acoustic Scattering”
The characterization of hidden objects from scattered wave measurements arises in many applications such as geophysical exploration, non destructive testing, medical imaging, etc. It can be achieved numerically by solving an Inverse Problem. However, this is a nonlinear and ill-posed problem, thus a difficult task. A successful reconstruction requires careful selection of very different parameters depending on the data and the chosen optimization numerical method.
The main contribution of this thesis is an investigation of the full reconstruction of immersed elastic scatterers from far-field pattern measurements. The sought-after parameters are the boundary, the Lamé coefficients, the density and the location of the obstacle. First, existence and uniqueness results of a generalized Boundary Value Problem including the direct elasto-acoustic problem are established. The sensitivity of the scattered field with respect to the different parameters describing the solid is analyzed and we end up with the characterization of the corresponding partial Fréchet derivatives as solutions to the direct problem with modified right-hand sides. These Fréchet derivatives are computed numerically thanks to the Interior Penalty Discontinuous Galerkin method and the code is validated thanks to comparison with analytical solutions. Then, two solution methodologies are introduced for solving the inverse problem. Both are based on an iterative regularized Newton-type methodology and the first one consists in retrieving the parameters of different nature independently, while the second one reconstructs all parameters together. Due to the different behavior of the parameters, sensitivity tests are performed to assess the impact of the parameters on the measurements. We conclude that material parameters have a weaker influence on the measurements than shape parameters, and therefore, a successful strategy to retrieve parameters of distinct nature should take into account these different levels of sensitivity. Various experiments at different noise levels and with full or limited aperture data are carried out to retrieve some of the physical properties, e.g. Lamé coefficients with shape parameters, density with shape parameters a, density, shape and location. This set of tests contributes to a final strategy for the full reconstruction and in more realistic conditions. In the final part of the thesis, we extend the results to more complex material parameters, in particular anisotropic elastic.
