Presentation 
Contact: Sylvain Pogodalla (coordinator)
Polymnie is a research project (2012-2015, extended to Feb. 2016) funded by the French national research agency (ANR). It relies on the grammatical framework of Abstract Categorial Grammars (ACG). A feature of this formalism is to provide the same mathematical perspective both on the surface forms and on the more abstract forms the latter correspond to. As a consequence:
- ACG allows for the encoding of a large variety of grammatical formalisms such as context-free grammars, Tree Adjoining grammars (TAG), etc./li>
- ACG define two languages: an abstract language for the abstract forms, and an object language for the surface forms.
Importantly, the notions of object language and abstract language are relative to each other. If we can naturally see surface forms as strings for instance and abstract forms as the associated syntactic trees, we can also consider to associate this abstract form to a first order logical formula as surface (object) form. This property it central in our project as it offers a unified approach to text analysis and text generation, in particular considering the underlying algorithms and their complexity.
ACG definition uses type-theory and lambda-calculus. From this point of view, they smoothly integrate formal semantics models issuing from Montague’s proposal. Theories that extend to the discourse level such as Discourse Representation Theory (DRT) and Dynamic Predicate Logic (DPL) werename not initially formulated using lambda-calculus. But such formulation have been proposed. In particular, a formulation based on continuation semantics allow them to be expressed quite naturally in the ACG architecture. Dynamic effects of discourse, in particular those related to anaphora resultion or rhetoretical relation inference, have then to be expressed by lexical semantics or computed from the syntactic rules as studied in the INRIA Collaborative Research Project (ARC) CAuLD.
It has been shown that the discourse structure of texts play a key role in their understanding. This is the case not only for both for human readers but also for automatic processing systems. For instance, it can enhance text transformation systems such as the ones performing automatic summarization.
Polymnie focuses on studying and implementing the modeling of sentences and discourses in a compositional paradigm that takes into account their dynamics and their structures, both in parsing and in generation. To that end, we rely on the ACG framework. The kind of processing we are interested in relate to the automatic construction of summaries or to text simplification. This has to be considered in the limits of the modelling of the linguistic processes (as opposed to inferential processes for instance) these tasks involve.
The complexity of the phenomena, of their formal description, and of their interactions, require to set up a testing and development environment for linguistic modelling. It will consist in extending and stabilizing a software implementing the functionnalities of the ACG framework. It will provide a tool for experimentation and validation of the approach.
Partners
- Sémagramme (LORIA, INRIA Nancy–Grand Est): Maxime Amblard, Philippe de Groote, Sylvain Pogodalla (coordinator), Aleksandre Maskharashvili, Sai Qian
- Alpage (Paris 7 university & INRIA Paris-Rocquencourt): Laurence Danlos (local coordinator), Chloé Braud, Éric Villemonte de la Clergerie
- MELODI (IRIT, CNRS): Stergos Afantenos, Nicholas Asher (local coordinator), Juliette Conrath, Philippe Muller
- Signes (LaBRI, CNRS): Jérôme Kirman, Richard Moot, Christian Retoré (local coordinator, now in Montpellier, LIRMM), Sylvain Salvati, Noémie-Fleur Sandillon-Rezer
Events
- Kick-Off Meeting (October 23 2012, Nancy)
- The Logic of the Lexicon (January 27-30 2013, Toulouse). Joint meeting with the LOCI ANR project.
- Third Meeting (March 13-14 2014, Toulouse)
- Polymnie participated to TALN 2014
- Fourth Meeting (May 4-5 2015, Paris)
- The Hilbert’s Epsilon and Tau in Logic, Informatics and Linguistics workshop
- Fifth Meeting (February 4-5 2016, Nancy)
Software
- The ACG toolkit 1.1 has been released (Sep. 5 2014).
- The ACG toolkit 1.0b has been released (Feb. 11 2014).
- Further development of the ACG toolkit are available
Publications
2012
- Formalizations of Coercion in Lexical Semantics. Nicholas Asher and Zhaohui Luo. Proceedings of Sinn and Bedeutung 17. Paris, 2012.
2013
- A Type-Theoretic Account of Neg-Raising Predicates in Tree Adjoining Grammars. Laurence Danlos, Philippe De Groote, Sylvain Pogodalla. Shunsuke Yatabe and Daisuke Bekk and Eric McCready eds. LENLS 10 – Logic and Engineering of Natural Language Semantics 10, Oct 2013, Kanagawa, Japan.
- On the Complexity of Free Word Orders. Jérôme Kirman et Sylvain Salvati. Proceedings of Formal Grammar 2013. Vol. 8036. LNCS. Springer, p. 209–224.
- The IO and OI Hierarchies Revisited. Gregory M. Kobele et Sylvain Salvati. Automata, Languages, and Programming. 40th International Colloquium, ICALP 2013. Vol. 7966. LNCS. Springer, p. 336–348.
- Integration of Multiple Constraints in ACG. Jiri Marsik et Maxime Amblard. Shunsuke Yatabe and Daisuke Bekk and Eric McCready eds. LENLS 10 – Logic and Engineering of Natural Language Semantics 10, Oct 2013, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Constituency and Dependency Relationship from a Tree Adjoining Grammar and Abstract Categorial Grammar Perspective. Aleksandre Maskharashvili, Sylvain Pogodalla. 6th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, Oct 2013, Nagoya, Japan. pp. 1257-1263
- Semantic types, lexical sorts and classifiers. Bruno Mery et Christian Retoré. Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Natural Language Processing and Cognitive Science. B. Sharp and M. Zock (eds). Marseille.
- Plurals : individuals and sets in a richly typed semantics. Bruno Mery, Richard Moot et Christian Retoré. Shunsuke Yatabe and Daisuke Bekk and Eric McCready eds. LENLS 10 – Logic and Engineering of Natural Language Semantics 10, Oct 2013, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Learning categorial grammars. Noémie-Fleur Sandillon-Rezer. Thèse. Université Sciences et Technologies – Bordeaux I.
2014
- Combining Natural and Artificial Examples to Improve Implicit Discourse Relation Identification. Chloé Braud et Pascal Denis. Proceedings of COLING 2014, the 25th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Dublin, Ireland : Dublin City University et Association for Computational Linguistics, p. 1694–1705.
- Extraction non supervisée de relations sémantiques lexicales. Juliette Conrath, Stergos Afantenos, Nicholas Asher and Philippe Muller. Actes de la 21ème conférence sur le Traitement Automatique des Langues Naturelles (TALN 2014). Marseille, France.
- Unsupervised extraction of semantic relations using discourse cues. Juliette Conrath, Stergos Afantenos, Nicholas Asher and Philippe Muller. The 25th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING 2014) Dublin, Ireland, August 23-29, 2014.
- A Type-Theoretic Account of Neg-Raising Predicates in Tree Adjoining Grammars. Laurence Danlos, Philippe de Groote and Sylvain Pogodalla. In : New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence. JSAI-isAI 2013 Workshops, LENLS, JURISIN, MiMI, AAA, and DDS, Kanagawa, Japan, October 27-28, 2013, Revised Selected Papers, Yukiko Nakano, Ken Satoh and Daisuke Bekki (eds). Vol 8417. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, p. 3–16. doi : 10.1007/978-3-319-10061-6_1.
- An ACG View on G-TAG and Its g-Derivation. Laurence Danlos, Aleksandre Maskharashvili, and Sylvain Pogodalla. Proceedings of the Eigth International Conference on Logical Aspects of Computational Linguistics (LACL 2014). Toulouse, France. Vol. 8535. LNCS. Springer.
- An ACG Analysis of the G-TAG Generation Process. Laurence Danlos, Aleksandre Maskharashvili, and Sylvain Pogodalla. Proceedings of the 8th International Natural Language Generation Conference (INLG 2014). Philadelphia, PA, US.
- Génération de textes : G-TAG revisité avec les Grammaires Catégorielles Abstraites. Laurence Danlos, Aleksandre Maskharashvili, and Sylvain Pogodalla. Actes de la 21ème conférence sur le Traitement Automatique des Langues Naturelles (TALN 2014). Marseille, France.
- A type-logical account of quantification in event semantics. Philippe de Groote and Yoad Winter. Proceedings of Logic and Engineering of Natural Language Semantics 11. Tokyo, Japan.
- Because we say so. Julie Hunter and Laurence Danlos. Proceedings of the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Causality in Language (14th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics), p.1-9, Gothenburg.
- Lambda Cakculus for Language Modeling. Greg Kobele and Sylvain Salvati. NASSLLI 2014 lecture, June 21 – 27, 2014.
- Algebraic Effects and Handlers in Natural Language Interpretation. Jiří Maršík and Maxime Amblard. Joint Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Natural Language and Computer Science (NLCS 14) & 1st International Workshop on Natural Language Services for Reasoners (NLSR 2014). T. TR 2014-002. Technical Reports. Vienne, Austria : Center for Informatics et Systems of the University of Coimbra, Portugal.
- Computing the Semantics of Massive Entities using Many-Sorted Types. Bruno Mery, Richard Moot and Christian Retoré. Proceedings of the Eleventh International Workshop of Logic and Engineering of Natural Language Semantics 11 (LENLS11). JSAI / isAI. Kanagawa, Japan.
- Extended Lambek calculi and first-order linear logic. Richard Moot. Categories and Types in Logic, Language, and Physics. Claudia Casadio et al. (eds). Vol. 8222. LNCS. Springer.
- Accessibility of Referents in Discourse Semantics. Sai Qian. Thèse. Université de Lorraine.
- Deverbal semantics and the Montagovian generative lexicon. Livy-Maria Real-Coelho and Christian Retoré. Journal of Logic, Language and Information, Springer Verlag (Germany), 2014, 23 (3), pp.347–366. DOI: 10.1007/s10849-014-9187-y
- The Montagovian Generative Lexicon ΛTyₙ: a Type Theoretical Framework for Natural Language Semantics. Christian Retoré. Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs). Dagstuhl, Germany : Schloss Dagstuhl–Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik, p. 202–229. doi : 10.4230/LIPIcs.
2015
- Quantification in ordinary language and proof theory. Vito Michele Abrusci, Fabio Pasquali, and Christian Retoré. hilosophia Scientiæ 20.1, p. 185–205, 2016.
- Types, meanings and coercions in lexical semantics. Nicholas Asher. Lingua 157, pp. 66-82. 2015.
- Verbes d’attitude propositionnelle et analyse discursive. Timothée Bernard. Mémoire de master. Université Paris VII Denis Diderot.
- Identification automatique des relations discursives implicites à partir de corpus annotés et de données brutes. Chloé Braud. Thèse de doct. Universite Paris Diderot-Paris VII.
- Quantifier scope: a formal and experimental study. Arthur Capelier-Mourguy, Philippe Blache, Christian Retoré, and Laurent Prévot. Colloque des Jeunes Chercheurs en Sciences Cognitives CJC-SC 2015, Jun 2015, Compiègne France.
- Individuation Criteria, Dot-types and Copredication: A View from Modern Type Theories. Stergios Chatzikyriakidis and Zhaohui Luo. Proceedings of the 14th Meeting on the Mathematics of Language (MoL 2015), pp. 39-50, 2015.
- Type Theories and Lexical Networks: Using Serious Games as the Basis for Multi-Sorted Typed Systems. Stergios Chatzikyriakidis, Mathieu Lafourcade, Lionel Ramadier and Manel Zarrouk. Proceedings of the ESSLLI TytLes workshop, 2015.
- Unsupervised extraction of semantic relations using discourse information. Juliette Conrath. Thèse de doct. Université de Toulouse 3 – Paul Sabatier. 2015
- Grammaires phrastiques et discursives fondées sur les TAG : une approche de D-STAG avec les ACG. Laurence Danlos, Aleksandre Maskharashvili, Sylvain Pogodalla. Actes de TALN 2015 – 22e conférence sur le Traitement Automatique des Langues Naturelles, Jun 2015, Caen, France. Association pour le Traitement Automatique des Langues, pp. 158-169, 2015.
- Proof-Theoretic Aspects of the Lambek-Grishin Calculus. Philippe de Groote. In: Valeria de Paiva, Ruy J. G. B. de Queiroz, Lawrence S. Moss, Daniel Leivant, and Anjolina Grisi de Oliveira (eds), proceedings of Logic, Language, Information, and Computation – 22nd International Workshop, WoLLIC 2015, 2015, Bloomington, United States. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 9160, pp.109–123, 2015.
- On Logical Relations and Conservativity. Philippe de Groote. In: Makoto Kanazawa, Lawrence S. Moss, and Valeria de Paiva (eds), proceedings of the Third Workshop on Natural Language and Computer Science (NLCS’15), Kyoto, Japan. EasyChair Proceedings in Computing, vol 32, pp. 1-11, 2015.
- Abstract Categorial Parsing as Linear Logic Programming. Philippe de Groote. In: Proceedings of the 14th Meeting on the Mathematics of Language (MoL 2015), 2015, Chicago, United States, pp.15–25. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2015.
- Modularity and compositionality: the case of temporal modifiers. Philippe de Groote. In: Semantics and Linguistic Theory 25 (SALT 25), Stanford, United States, 2015.
- Mise au point d’un formalisme syntaxique de haut niveau pour le traitement automatique des langues. Jérôme kirman. Thèse de doct. Université de Bordeaux. 2015.
- Are Books Events? Ontological Inclusions as Coercive Sub-Typing, Lexical Transfers as Entailment. Bruno Mery and Christian Retoré. To appear in LENLS12, Tokyo, November 2015.
- Computing the Semantics of Plurals and Massive Entities using Many-Sorted Types Bruno Mery, Richard Moot, Christian Retoré. In Murata, Tsuyoshi and Mineshima, Koji and Bekki, Daisuke (Eds), New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, LNCS 9067 Springer 2015. pp. 144–159, 2015.
- Typed Hilbert’s Operators for the Lexical Semantics of Singular and Plural Determiner Phrases. Bruno Mery, Richard Moot, Christian Retoré. Epsilon 2015: Hilbert’s Epsilon and Tau in Logic, Informatics and Linguistics, 2015.
- Comparing and Evaluating Extended Lambek calculi. Richard Moot. Proceedings for the ESSLLI 2015 Workshop on Empirical Advances in Categorial Grammar (CG 2015). 2015.
- Linear One: A Theorem Prover for First-Order Linear Logic. Richard Moot. (Software).
- Case Study of Copredication over a Deverbal that Reconciles Empirical Data with Computational Semantics. Livy Real and Christian Retoré. To appear in LENLS12, Tokyo, November 2015.
2016
- Integrating type theory and distributional semantics: a case study on adjective-noun compositions. Nicholas Asher, Tim van der Cruys, Antoine Bride, and Márta Abrusán. Computational Linguistics, 42(4). 2016.